1Zainab Tawfeeq Al-Joubour, 2Iqbal AbdAlaziz Huzam AlRufaei, 3Irfan Abdulzahra Al- Khazaali, 4Mohammed Abdulrazzaq Assi, 5Ali A. Al-fahham
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq,
2Biology Department, College of Science, University of Basrah, Iraq
3Department of Adult Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Al-Qadisiyah
4Department of Anesthesia Techniques, College of Health and Medical Techniques/ Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Iraq
5Faculty of nursing, University of Kufa, Iraq
ABSTRACT:
In today’s environment, people constantly find themselves confronted with a wide range of upsetting situations. It is possible for stress to cause changes in the levels of a wide variety of hormones that are found in the serum, including glucocorticoids, catecholamines, growth hormone, and thyroid hormones. The “fight or flight” response requires certain adjustments to be made in order to ensure the individual’s safety. There is a possibility that certain stress-related responses can lead to endocrine illnesses such as Graves’ disease, gonadal dysfunction, psychosexual dwarfism, and obesity. Furthermore, stress has the potential to alter the clinical status of a wide variety of preexisting endocrine illnesses, such as contributing to the onset of adrenal crisis and thyroid storm. Significant consequences of stress include changes in behavior and systemic alterations, as well as changes in cellular mechanisms, hormonal , and brain stimulation. These changes can be observed at all levels, including cellular mechanisms, hormonal changes, and brain stimulation. An entirely new field of research has lately revealed the impacts of stress on human behavior, social cognition, and health. This is in spite of the fact that the influence of stress on health has been the subject of substantial research for a considerable amount of time.
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