ABSTRACT

The stem bark of Anogeissus leiocarpus has attracted scientific interest due to its demonstrated activity against a range of microorganisms, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. However, limited studies have focused specifically on its antibacterial efficacy against uropathogenic Klebsiella species, particularly clinical isolates associated with UTIs. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity and phytochemical constituents of Anogeissus leiocarpus stem bark extracts against uropathogenic Klebsiella spp. isolated from urine of patients at Yarima Bakura Specialist Hospital, Gusau, Nigeria. Ethanol and aqueous extracts of the stem bark were prepared and subjected to standard phytochemical screening. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the agar well diffusion method.The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols, and triterpenes. The ethanol extract exhibited greater efficacy, producing a 25 mm zone of inhibition at 200 mg/mL, compared to 22 mm for the aqueous extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts were 25 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL, respectively, demonstrating strong antibacterial potential. Statistical analysis (p = 0.0449) confirmed the significantly higher activity of the ethanol extract. The findings indicate that Anogeissus leiocarpus stem bark especially the ethanol extract may serve as a promising natural therapeutic agent against antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella spp. implicated in urinary tract infections.

KEYWORDS

Anogeissus leiocarpus, Klebsiella spp., antibacterial activity, phytochemicals.

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Cite this article

Ishaq, S. A., Sa’ad, & A and Abubakar, N. (2026). Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Composition of Anogeissus Leiocarpus Stem Bark Extract Against Uropathogenic Klebsiella Sp. Isolated from Ahmad Sani Yarima Bakura Specialist Hospital, Gusau. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH & MEDICAL RESEARCH, 5(6), 542-547. https://doi.org/10.58806/ijhmr.2026.v5i6n04