ABSTRACT:

Background: Hypertension is still a health problem in Indonesia, especially in Bandung. The increase in hypertension cases can be caused by unhealthy lifestyles.
Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of smoking and history of hypertension on the incidence of hypertension.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The population of this study is a productive age community, which is between 15-60 years. The sample technique in this study used accidental sampling techniques and obtained samples of 67 people. The instrument used is a questionnaire. Data analysis using chi-square test.
Results: More than half of respondents smoke (53.7%), most respondents have no family history of hypertension (55.2%), and more than half of respondents suffer from hypertension (52.2%). The variables that affect the incidence of hypertension are smoking (p = 0.005 and OR = 4.773 (1.696-13.427) and history of hypertension (p = 0.033 and OR = 2.933 (1.075-8.001).
Conclusion: Smoking people are at risk of suffering from hypertension by 4.7 times greater than people who do not smoke and people who have a history of hypertension are at risk of suffering from hypertension by 2.9 times greater than people who have no family history of hypertension. 
Suggestion: It is recommended to people who smoke in order to stop smoking. Mainly are those who have a family history of hypertension.

KEYWORDS:

Hypertension, Smoking, History of hypertension

REFERENCES :

1) Kjeldsen SE. Hypertension and cardiovascular risk: General aspects. Pharmacol Res 2018;129:95–9.
2) Geldsetzer P, Manne-Goehler J, Marcus M-E, Ebert C, Zhumadilov Z, Wesseh CS, et al. The state of hypertension care in 44 low-income and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study of nationally representative individual-level data from 1• 1 million adults. The Lancet 2019;394:652–62.
3) Pradono J, Werdhasari A. Faktor determinan penyakit jantung koroner pada kelompok umur 25-65 tahun di Kota Bogor, data kohor 2011-2012. Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan 2018;46:23–34.
4) Adams J, Hosseini M, Peng W, Sibbritt D. Health care utilisation and out-of-pocket expenditure associated with hypertension: an analysis of Australian adults from the 45 and Up Study. J Hum Hypertens 2020;34:833–40.
5) Sutriyawan A, Fardhoni F, Yusuff AA, Akbar H, Sangaji M. Risk Factors Predicting Hypertension in the Elderly. Iranian Journal of War and Public Health 2022;14:433–8.
6) Noviasari NA. Analysis Of Risk Factors Hl. Blum In Hypertension Patients. International Journal of Health, Education & Social (IJHES) 2021;4:1–15.
7) Kemenkes RI. Infodatin Hipertensi: Si Pembunuh Senyap. Jakarta Selatan: Kemeterian Kesehatan RI 2019.
8) Sutriyawan A, Apriyani R, Tenike GM. The Relationship between Lifestyle and Hypertension Cases at UPT Cibiru Public Health Center Bandung City. Disease Prevention and Public Health Journal 2021;15:50.
9) Hu L, Huang X, You C, Li J, Hong K, Li P, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension and hypertension in Southern China. PLoS One 2017;12:e0170238.
10) Aldhawi MF, Alyousef AS, Albalawi MS, Almishaal MD, Almutairi NF, Alqahtani SM, et al. Relationship between risk factors and hypertension Riyadh-Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Healthcare Sciences 2016;4:441–50.
11) Khanam R, Ahmed S, Rahman S, Al Kibria GM, Syed JRR, Khan AM, et al. Prevalence and factors associated with hypertension among adults in rural Sylhet district of Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2019;9:e026722.
12) Halim RD, Sutriyawan A. Studi Retrospektif Gaya Hidup Dan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Usia Produktif. Journal of Nursing and Public Health 2022;10:121–8.
13) Wulandari FW, Ekawati D, Harokan A, Murni NS. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi. Jurnal’Aisyiyah Medika 2023;8.
14) Sutriyawan A. Relationship Of Smoking Behavior With Hypertension Events In Neglasari Health Center Bandung City. Afiasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 2019;4:97–104.
15) Pramitasari A, Cahyati WH. Kejadian Hipertensi pada Lansia di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Banyudono 1 Kabupaten Boyolali. HIGEIA (Journal of Public Health Research and Development) 2022;6:204–15.
16) Prasetiya CH. Efektifitas pendidikan kesehatan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan keluarga tentang hipertensi. Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan 2015;15:67–74.
17) Soesanto E, Marzeli R. Persepsi Lansia Hipertensi Dan Perilaku Kesehatannya. Jurnal Keperawatan Dan Kesehatan Masyarakat Cendekia Utama 2020;9:244–51.
18) Sutriyawan A. Metodologi Penelitian Kedokteran dan Kesehatan: Dilengkapi Tuntunan Membuat Proposal Penelitian. Bandung: PT Refika Aditama; 2021.
19) Garwahusada E, Wirjatmadi B. Hubungan jenis kelamin, perilaku merokok, aktivitas fisik dengan hipertensi pada pegawai kantor. Media Gizi Indonesia 2020;15:60–5.
20) Aji A, Maulinda L, Amin S. Isolasi Nikotin dari Puntung Rokok sebagai Insektis. Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal 2017;4:100–20.
21) Retnaningsih D, Kustriyani M, Sanjaya BT. Perilaku merokok dengan kejadian hipertensi pada lansia. Prosiding Seminar Nasional & Internasional, vol. 1, 2017.
22) Rahmayani ST. Faktor-faktor risiko kejadian hipertensi primer pada usia 20-55 tahun di poliklinik penyakit dalam rsud 45 kuningan. Syntax 2019;1:100–11.
23) Umbas IM, Tuda J, Numansyah M. Hubungan Antara Merokok Dengan Hipertensi Di Puskesmas Kawangkoan. Jurnal Keperawatan 2019;7.
24) Tjekyan RMS, Zulkarnain M. Faktor–faktor risiko dan angka kejadian hipertensi pada penduduk Palembang. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat 2017;8:180–91.
25) Nugroho KPA, Sanubari TPE, Rumondor JM. Faktor risiko penyebab kejadian hipertensi di wilayah kerja puskesmas Sidorejo Lor kota Salatiga. Jurnal Kesehatan Kusuma Husada 2019:32–42.
26) Dismiantoni N, Anggunan A, Triswanti N, Kriswiastiny R. Hubungan Merokok Dan Riwayat Keturunan Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada 2020;9:30–6.
27) Livana PH, Ikhwan M, Hermanto H. Hubungan Faktor Pemicu Hipertensi Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi. Jurnal Kesehatan 2017;10:8–18.
28) Azhari MH. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi di Puskesmas Makrayu Kecamatan Ilir Barat II Palembang. Jurnal Aisyah: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan 2017;2:23–30.