ABSTRACT

TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) were successfully manufactured by sol-gel technique employing titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) as a starting material. The produced nanoparticles were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD examination showed the development of pure anatase phase with mean crystalline size of 18.4 nm. SEM scans revealed regular spherical particles with a smooth surface, while TEM images showed a clear crystalline structure with crystal lattice lines with a distance d = 0.35 nm matching to the (101) plane of the anatase phase. The optical band gap was calculated at 3.15 eV. Its antibacterial effectiveness against multidrug resistant bacteria, such as MRSA, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae, was also tested in the presence of ultraviolet irradiation. The largest inhibitory zone diameters were 27.8 mm against E. coli and 25.4 mm against MRSA at concentration of 400 µg/ml.

KEYWORDS

TiO2 nanoparticles, sol-gel, SEM, TEM, photocatalytic antibacterial, MRSA, reactive oxygen species.

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Cite this article

Kazem., G. A. (2026). Preparation of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (Tio2 Nps) using the Sol-Gel Method and their Photocatalytic Antibacterial Activity Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH & MEDICAL RESEARCH, 5(7), 720-726. https://doi.org/10.58806/ijhmr.2026.v5i7n19